Construction of Genomic DNA library:
A genomic library is a collection of the total genomic DNA from a single organism. The DNA stored in a population of identical vectors, each containing a different insert of DNA.
The construction of a genomic library involves creating many recombinant DNA molecules. An organism's genomic DNA is extracted and then digested with a restriction enzyme. For organisms with very small genomes, the digested fragments can then be cloned into vector separately. However, when a large genome is digested with a restriction enzyme there are for too many fragments to excise individually. Below are the steps for creating a genomic library from a large genome.
1. Extract and purify DNA.
2. Digest the DNA with a restriction enzyme, this creates fragments that are similar in size, each containing one or more genes.
3. Insert the fragments of DNA into vectors that were cut with some restriction enzyme, use the enzyme DNA ligase to seal the DNA fragments into the vector. This creates a large pool of recombinant molecules.
4. These recombinant molecules are taken up by a host bacterium by transformation, creating a DNA library
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